1. Overview of Germany’s Health Insurance System
- Since 2009, health insurance is mandatory for all German residents, with about 92% relying on Statutory Health Insurance (GKV) versus Private Health Insurance (PKV).
- GKV contributions total around 17% of gross salary—14.6% general rate plus an average 2.5% supplemental fee—split evenly between employer and employee.
- GKV covers comprehensive services: doctor visits, hospitalization, prescriptions, maternity, mental health; family members are covered at no extra cost.
2. Public vs. Private Health Insurance
| Type | Who It’s For | Benefits | Caveats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Public (GKV) | Most employees, families, low-income earners | Income-based cost, wide coverage, free family coverage | Longer wait for specialists |
| Private (PKV) | High earners (> €73,800/year), civil servants, self-employed | Faster access, premium services, customizable plans | Cost tied to health/age, difficult to revert to GKV |
